Evaluation of hematological parameters, oxidative stress and DNA damage in the cichlid Australoheros facetus exposed to the fungicide azoxystrobin

Azoxystrobin (AZX) is a broad-spectrum systemic fungicide massively used worldwide. Its mode of action consists in the inhibition mitochondrial respiration decreasing synthesis ATP and leading to oxidative stress target fungus. However, whether this effect occurs non organisms has been scarcely studied. The objectives work were (1) evaluate biomarkers stress, hematological, physiological genotoxicity native cichlid fish Australoheros facetus exposed environmentally relevant concentrations AZX (2) compare these different developmental stages using juvenile adult (n = 6) during 48 h. exposure 0 (negative control, C (−)), 0.05, 0.5, 5 50 μg/L commercial formulation AMISTAR®. Blood was drawn hematology, DNA damage through comet assay (CA) micronucleus test (MN). Genotoxicity observed by mean both at AZX. Samples liver gills determine antioxidant enzymes activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. In superoxide dismutase (SOD) Glutathione- S- transferases (GST) activity increased all tested. fish, increase hepatic catalase (CAT) 0.5 MDA content observed. only H2O2 showed changes sensitivity constitutes first report about toxicity organ. All negative effects range realistic concentrations, which warns possible consequences that it may have on health aquatic biota. Differences between demonstrate relevance considering stage evaluation biomarkers.